Ua piʻi ʻekolu nā kumukūʻai, a ʻaʻole manaʻo nui nā mea kūʻai aku i nā huahana hou aʻe ma ka pūnāwai e hiki mai ana
ʻO Karl Dirks, ka mea mahiʻai i 1,000 mau ʻeka ma Mount Joy, Pa., ua lohe ʻo ia e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka glyphosate a me ka glufosinate, akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hopohopo e pili ana i ia mea.
"Manaʻo wau e hoʻoponopono iā ia iho," wahi āna.ʻO nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe e hoʻoponopono i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe.ʻAʻole wau hopohopo loa.ʻAʻole naʻe au i loko o ka māhele hopohopo, akahele iki.E noʻonoʻo mākou.
ʻAʻole maikaʻi loa ka Chip Bowling.Ua hoʻāʻo hou ʻo ia e kau i kahi kauoha no ka glyphosate me kāna hua kūloko a me kāna mea kūʻai hoʻokomo, R&D Cross, a ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi iā ia i ke kumu kūʻai a i ʻole ka lā hoʻopuka.
"ʻOiaʻiʻo, hopohopo wau," wahi a Bowling, nāna i hoʻoulu i 275 mau ʻeka kulina a me 1,250 ʻeka soybeans ma Newburg, Md.Hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa i nā hua mediocre i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki, a inā loaʻa iā mākou kahi kauwela wela a maloʻo, hiki ke pōʻino no kekahi mau mahiʻai.
Ua hele nā kumu kūʻai no ka glyphosate a me ka glufosinate (Liberty) i ka hale no ka haʻahaʻa ʻana o nā lako a ke wānana ʻia nei e haʻahaʻa ke hele i ka pūnāwai e hiki mai ana.
ʻO nā kumu he nui ka hewa, wahi a Dwight Lingenfelter, Extension weed specialist me Penn State.Hoʻopili lākou i nā pilikia o ke kaulahao lako mai ka maʻi maʻi COVID-19, ka loaʻa ʻana o ka phosphorus i hana ʻia e hana ai i ka glyphosate, ka ipu a me nā hale mālama halihali, a me ka pani ʻana a me ka wehe hou ʻana o kahi mea kanu nui ʻo Bayer Crop Science ma Louisiana ma muli o ka Hurricane Ida.
"He hui pū wale nō ia o nā mea e hana nei i kēia manawa," wahi a Lingenfelter.ʻO ka glyphosate maʻamau i hele no $12.50 no ke galani i 2020, ʻōlelo ʻo ia, ke hele nei ma waena o $35 a me $40 no ke galani.ʻO Glufosinate, hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ma waena o $33 a me $34 no ke galani, ke piʻi nei i luna o $80 no ke galani.Inā laki ʻoe i ke kauoha ʻana i kahi lāʻau herbicide, e mākaukau e kali.
"Aia kekahi manaʻo inā hiki mai nā kauoha, ʻaʻole paha a hiki i Iune a i ʻole ma hope o ke kauwela.Mai ka manaʻo o ke ahi, he mea hopohopo kēia.Manaʻo wau ma laila mākou i kēia manawa, e noʻonoʻo ka poʻe i ke kaʻina hana o ka mea e pono ai mākou e mālama, "wahi a Lingenfelter, me ka hoʻohui ʻana e hiki i nā hemahema ke alakaʻi i kahi hopena cascade o nā hemahema o 2,4-D a i ʻole clethodim, ʻo ka hope o ia he koho paʻa no ka mālama ʻana i nā mauʻu.
Ke kali nei no ka huahana
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Ed Snyder o Snyder's Crop Service ma Mount Joy, Pa., ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hilinaʻi e loaʻa i kāna hui ka glyphosate i ka puna.
“ʻO ia kaʻu e haʻi aku nei i kaʻu mea kūʻai aku.ʻAʻole ia e like me kahi lā i manaʻo ʻia i hāʻawi ʻia, "wahi a Snyder.“ʻAʻohe ʻōlelo hoʻohiki e pili ana i ka nui o kā mākou hiki ke loaʻa.E ʻike lākou i ke kumukūʻai ke loaʻa iā mākou.
Inā ʻaʻole loaʻa ka glyphosate, ʻōlelo ʻo Snyder e hāʻule paha kāna mau mea kūʻai aku i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau, e like me Gramoxone.ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, ʻōlelo ʻo ia, ʻo ia nā premixes inoa inoa me ka glyphosate i loko o lākou, e like me Halex GT no ka postemergence, ke loaʻa mau nei.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Shawn Miller o Melvin Weaver and Sons, ua piʻi nui nā kumukūʻai herbicide, a ke kamaʻilio nei ʻo ia me nā mea kūʻai aku e pili ana i ka paepae a lākou e makemake ai e uku no ka huahana a pehea e hoʻolōʻihi ai i ke galani herbicide ke loaʻa iā lākou.
ʻAʻole ʻo ia e lawe i nā kauoha no 2022 no ka mea ua kūʻai ʻia nā mea āpau ma kahi o ka hoʻouna ʻana, kahi ʻokoʻa nui mai nā makahiki i hala i hiki iā ia ke kūʻai i nā mea ma mua.Eia nō naʻe, ke hilinaʻi nei ʻo ia e loaʻa ana ka huahana i ka wā e ʻōwili ai ka pūnāwai a ke hele nei i kona mau manamana lima.
“ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke kūʻai aku no ka mea ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike i ke kumu kūʻai.Ke hopohopo nei nā kānaka a pau, "wahi a Miller.
E mālama i kāu SPRAY: Ke hoʻomau nei nā pilikia kaulahao hoʻolako i hiki ʻole i nā mea ulu ke kauoha i ka glyphosate a me ka glufosinate i ka manawa no ka makahiki ulu 2022.No laila, e mālama i kāu mea i loaʻa a hoʻohana liʻiliʻi i ka puna aʻe.
E mālama ana i kāu mea e loaʻa ai
No ka poʻe mahiʻai i laki i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka huahana ma ke kakahiaka nui, ʻōlelo ʻo Lingenfelter e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i nā ala e mālama ai i ka huahana, a i ʻole e hoʻāʻo i nā mea ʻē aʻe e hiki ai i ke kau mua.Ma kahi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i 32 auneke o Roundup Powermax, e hāʻule paha i lalo i 22 auneke, wahi āna.Eia kekahi, inā i kaupalena ʻia nā lako, ʻo ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka wā e pulupulu ai - ma ke ahi a i ʻole i ka ʻai ʻana - he pilikia pū kekahi.
Ma mua o ke kanu 'ana i ka soybeans 30-inihi, e ho'i paha i 15 'īniha no ka ho'onui 'ana i ka uhi a ho'okūkū me ka mauu.ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mahi ʻai ʻana i kekahi manawa he koho, akā e noʻonoʻo i nā drawbacks - hoʻonui i ke kumukūʻai wahie, kahe o ka lepo, wāwahi i kahi māla no ka wā lōʻihi - ma mua o ka hele ʻana a haehae i ka lepo.
ʻO ka Scouting, wahi a Lingenfelter, he mea koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi, e like me nā manaʻolana e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā māla maikaʻi loa.
"I ka makahiki aʻe a i ʻole ʻelua paha, ʻike paha mākou i nā māla weedy," wahi āna."E mākaukau e ʻae e pili ana i ka 70% o ka weed control ma kahi o 90% control no kekahi mau mauʻu."
Akā, aia kekahi mau hemahema i kēia manaʻo.ʻO ka nui aʻe o ka mauʻu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hua, wahi a Lingenfelter, a paʻakikī ke mālama ʻia nā nahele pilikia.
"Ke hana nei ʻoe me Palmer a me ka waterhemp, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka 75% o ka weed control," wahi āna."Lambsquarter a i ʻole ʻulaʻula puaʻa puaʻa, 75% ka mana e lawa paha.E kuhikuhi maoli ana nā ʻano nahele i ke ʻano o ka nahele me ka mālama ʻana i ka mauʻu.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Gary Snyder o Nutrien, e hana pū ana me 150 mau mea ulu ma ka hikina hikina o Pennsylvania, ʻo kēlā me kēia herbicide e loaʻa - glyphosate a i ʻole glufosinate - e ʻai ʻia a hānai ʻia.
ʻŌlelo ʻo ia, pono e hoʻonui ka poʻe mahiʻai i kā lākou papa herbicide no ka pūnāwai e hiki mai ana e hoʻopau i nā mea i ka wā mua, no laila ʻaʻole pilikia nui ka mauʻu i ke kanu ʻana.
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i koho i kahi hui kulina i kēia manawa, manaʻo ʻo Snyder e kiʻi i nā hua i loaʻa nā koho genetic maikaʻi loa i loaʻa no ka mālama ʻana i ka weed.
"ʻO ka mea nui ka hua kūpono," wahi āna.“Pū koke.E nānā pono i ka mea kanu no ka pakele ʻana o ka mauʻu.Aia nā huahana mai nā '90s a hiki ke hana i ka hana.E noʻonoʻo i nā mea a pau. "
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Bowling e mālama ʻo ia i kāna mau koho āpau.Inā hoʻomau nā kumukūʻai hoʻokomo kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi no ka herbicide, a ʻaʻole e piʻi nā kumukūʻai mea kanu e hoʻomau i ka wikiwiki, ʻōlelo ʻo ia e hoʻololi ʻo ia i nā ʻeka hou aku i ka soybeans no ka mea ʻuʻuku ke kumukūʻai no ka ulu ʻana, a i ʻole e hoʻololi ʻo ia i nā ʻeka hou aʻe i ka hana mauʻu.
Manaʻo ʻo Lingenfelter ʻaʻole kali ka poʻe mahiʻai a hiki i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo a i ʻole ka pūnāwai e hoʻomaka i ka nānā ʻana i ka pilikia.
"Ke manaʻolana nei au e hana koʻikoʻi nā kānaka," wahi āna.'Ke hopohopo nei au he nui ka poʻe i hopu ʻia me ka manaʻo e hiki iā lākou, e hele mai i Malaki, e hele i kā lākou mea kūʻai aku a kau i kahi kauoha a lawe i kahi kaʻa o nā herbicides, a i ʻole nā pesticides, i ka home i kēlā lā.Manaʻo wau e loaʻa ana kekahi ʻano ala ʻino i kekahi ʻano.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: 21-11-24